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}} The wild boar (''Sus scrofa''), also known as the wild swine〔Heptner, V. G. ; Nasimovich, A. A. ; Bannikov, A. G. ; Hoffman, R. S. (1988) (''Mammals of the Soviet Union'' ), Volume I, Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, pp. 19-82〕 or Eurasian wild pig〔Oliver, W. L. R. et al. 1993. The Eurasian Wild Pig (''Sus scrofa''). In Oliver, W. L. R., ed., ''Pigs, Peccaries, and Hippos – 1993 Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan'', 112-121. IUCN/SSC Pigs and Peccaries Specialist Group, ISBN 2-8317-0141-4〕 is a suid native to much of Eurasia, North Africa, and the Greater Sunda Islands. Human intervention has spread its range further, making the species one of the widest-ranging mammals in the world, as well as the most widely spread suiform.〔 Its wide range, high numbers, and adaptability mean that it is classed as least concern by the IUCN.〔 The animal probably originated in Southeast Asia during the Early Pleistocene,〔 and outcompeted other suid species as it spread throughout the Old World.〔 As of 2005, up to 16 subspecies are recognised, which are divided into four regional groupings based on skull height and lacrimal bone length.〔 The species lives in matriarchal societies consisting of interrelated females and their young (both male and female). Fully grown males are usually solitary outside of the breeding season.〔 The grey wolf is the wild boar's main predator throughout most of its range except in the Far East, where it is replaced by the tiger.〔Baskin, L. & Danell, K. (2003), ''Ecology of Ungulates: A Handbook of Species in Eastern Europe and Northern and Central Asia'', Springer Science & Business Media, pp. 15-38, ISBN 3-540-43804-1〕 It has a long history of association with humans, having been the ancestor of most domestic pig breeds and a big-game animal for millennia. == Terminology == As true wild boars went extinct in Britain before the development of modern English, the same terms are often used for both true wild boar and pigs, especially large or semiwild ones. The English 'boar' stems from the Old English ''bar'', which is thought to be derived from the West Germanic '' *bairaz'', of unknown origin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Online Etymological Dictionary )〕 Boar is sometimes used specifically to refer to males, and may also be used to refer to male domesticated pigs, especially breeding males that have not been castrated. Sow, the traditional name for a female, again comes from Old English and Germanic; it stems from proto-Indo-European, and is related to the Latin ''sus'' and Greek ''hus'' and more closely to the modern German ''Sau''. The young may be called piglets. The animals' specific name ''scrofa'' is Latin for 'sow'.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Latin Dictionary and Grammar Resources )〕 In hunting terminology, boars are given different designations according to their age: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wild boar」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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